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    The Twenty-Five Words Every Toddler Needs to Know

    25 key vocab building blocksA two-year-old's limited vocabulary may red flag hearing problems, autism, or a developmental disorder such as dyslexia. Researchers from the Child Study Institute at Bryn Mawr College have identified a list of 25 words every toddler should be using by age two. Dr. Leslie Rescorla, the director of the institute, presented her findings at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. The Daily News reports that Professor Nan Bernstein Ratner, who moderated the panel, described these words as the "canary in the coal mine."

    The average toddler uses 75-225 words and is able to combine them into phrases. Twenty-five is considered the minimum for late talkers. In a previous study, Rescorla demonstrated that children with normal delayed speech tend to catch up by four or five. She adds that when helping late talkers build their language skills, it's a good idea to focus on basic vocabulary.

    The 25 common words that should form the building blocks of a toddler's vocabulary:

    -all gone

    -baby

    -ball

    -banana

    -bath

    -bye bye

    -book

    -car

    -cat

    -cookie

    -daddy

    -dog

    -eye

    -hat

    -hello/hi

    -hot

    -juice

    -milk

    -mommy

    -more

    -no

    -nose

    -shoe

    -thank you

    -yes

    Rescorla says parents shouldn't panic if their toddler is using fewer words than average, but they should consider having them evaluated by an expert. Early intervention offers the best outcome.

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    • TypingTornado  •  Winnipeg, Manitoba  •  2 months ago
      My son would only say one thing ("what's that?") until his 2nd birthday. Then literally overnight he was saying complete sentences. He even mastered tough words like hippopotamus. It was really weird. Just goes to show you they are absorbing all of the time.
      • Kraig 2 months ago
        See now, no matter how fat you were, your son has no right to call you a hippo.
      • A Yahoo! User 2 months ago
        Kraig: really?! You took the time to write a comment like that!!!
      • Lara 2 months ago
        some kids take their sweet time. They are NOT on these "professional's" timelines! Or ours! Or anyone else's. The pros hardly know everything.
    • Champion Ship  •  2 months ago
      my 192 month old uses about the same amount
    • scarborogh  •  Burlington, Ontario  •  2 months ago
      Yes, most two year olds will have a fairly substantial vocabulary in at least one language, but even polylingual two year olds will only need one word, "no" which they will use non stop for the next sixteen to eighteen years. (exceptions - "borrowing" money and using your car because unlike their car, it has gas.)
      • Kraig 2 months ago
        You forgot the "u" in Scarborough.
      • Aphrodites 2 months ago
        LOL How True
      • BUNNY99 2 months ago
        funny but true.
    • hedgehogsss=D  •  2 months ago
      my little sister didn't talk until she was three. we went on an airplane with her for the first time, and she her first words were "I'm thirsty. I want a drink please."

      my family was in shock...but i mean, she's really smart. some kids just dont talk until they feel comfortable to. just because they don't say anything, doesn't mean they don't know anything
      • Meena 2 months ago
        Exactly!
      • ♥Bettsy♥ 2 months ago
        I agree....my son was like that (probably because he followed in my daughter's shoes...she enjoyed the limelight of affection quite a bit) and he was always quiet...even as he grew older he rarely said much...by grade 4 I was wondering why he never brought any homework etc. in and his teacher calls me in one day to tell me she recommended him for the "gifted" testing and he was really exceptional in class and finished all his assignments in class (explaining the no-homework)....well long story short he scored something like 99.9. They people that tested him they'd never seen someone score as high as that. He's graduating this year and he's still as humble and quiet and studious as ever. He is phenomenally talented in anything he puts his mind too...having self-taught himself and several of his friends to play music too. I certainly have nothing to gripe about....and my third is exceptional too, and very different from my other two. Children are all different. What we need to remember is that we can influence their learning long before we think they're capable of it....and in fact from the day they are born they are learning. They are like sponges just absorbing knowledge long before you think they are capable.
      • Ginger 2 months ago
        That's funny. My daughter did the same thing. She was about 2 1/2 when in the middle of night she called "mommy I'm thirsty, can I have a drink please". I thought it was my older daughter calling me so when I went into their room I was pretty surprised. The next day when she went to daycare she called all the workers by their names and asked what was for lunch. They all laughed.
    • montreal gal  •  Montreal, Quebec  •  2 months ago
      BULLSHIT.My son never said a word until he was 3.We had him at every specialist under the sun.He babbled rubbish.One day he said I like dinosaurs.He is 17 and has never shut up since.My nephew is autistic and this news article is not written well.
      • Teresa 2 months ago
        I babysat a neighbor's three children and they all seemed to talk rubbish, but their parents understood them. Their grandmother said her children did the same thing until their fourth birthday and then they were talking normally. It was the same thing with those three children.
      • archimperator 2 months ago
        The "experts" can give only very general guidelines for the simple reason, as you and others have correctly pointed out, that there is a very wide range of normal and development is often in erratic spurts as opposed to steady progress.
      • daisy.paris 2 months ago
        I think the article said don't panick if the child hasn't mastered those words exactly like printed. This is a baseline for parents to use which I think is necessary overall.
    • Albgirl  •  2 months ago
      My two year old is learning 2 languages, She knows 21 of these words in both English and Albanian. Bilingual kids will often learn new words a bit slower, but they will know them in 2 or more languages. These things need to be taken in consideration, too.
    • Daniel Barasa  •  Vancouver, British Columbia  •  2 months ago
      how comes they forgot the word "please"!
    • deemiker  •  Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  •  2 months ago
      my little girl is one, and the only word she can say is "Einstein"......weird innit?
    • whatever!  •  2 months ago
      At three or four years old my little cousin did not speak, or sit still for even a second. Everyone told her mom she was autistic. teachers and 'professionals' wanted her medicated and placed in special learning. Her mother told them to go jump off somewhere because her child is normal!

      Today at 11 or 12, not only does she get straight 'A's, but she's the most loving, intuitive little girl I know.
    • HuggyBeartheBear  •  2 months ago
      This list has been posted in Canadian family doctors offices for at least 20 years... get with the times!
    • Kim  •  London, United Kingdom  •  2 months ago
      What the author is saying is that you should be aware that late speech and low vocabulary is a red flag and parents should be proactive. It doesn't necessarily mean your child is autistic or has a learning disability. Yes, some kids are late bloomers and will catch up but with autistic children there are signs other than delayed speech, such as lack of eye contact, no pointing or gesturing, rigidity and much more. I can say this because one of my children is autistic and didn't speak until 3yrs old. We knew there was something different other than lack of speech by the time he was 15 months. He has worked very hard with early intervention and now is very verbal but will always have language and social challenges. Just don't let people tell you "Oh! He's just the youngest so everyone does everything for him" or "He's just a boy and boys are always slower". Not trying to be a fear mongerer but it's better to be safe than sorry and check it out. For those of you who posted stupid messages, you obviously don't have children and you should pray that you never have a child with any disability. Autism doesn't care about race, religion, social class or wealth and it will change your life forever.
    • Eddy39  •  2 months ago
      Soon they'll all just say TEXT.
    • Tan Telephone  •  Wakefield, New Brunswick  •  2 months ago
      My son spoke two words at around eight months. He said "Ah Doh" whatever that means. It was just after eating so I think it meant all gone. So we knew he could speak but didn't until 26 months. Doctors in Van didn't look hopeful and they taught him sign language in day care.
      Then one day, day care called me to say he could talk, sing, knew colors, knew the alphabet, (he could find any word you spoke in a newspaper when he was 16 months), he knew left and right, and a host of other things they though were bizarre and wonderful including the make and model of every car or truck going by as they were on their walks.
      So not knowing Cat didn't hurt all that much.
      He is an 11 year old Mensa member these days and sometimes I remember when he could not speak, sometimes fondly.
      Everyone does it their own way. I think the advice to see a professional maybe a hint this is from some psychology journal or the Union of United Psychologists or something.
    • CSG  •  Toronto, Ontario  •  2 months ago
      Every kid its different... my daughter is bilingual... I have never worried about this stuff... some kids they dont talk, just because they dont want to, they same as they dont want to eat their veggies... they have personality and will and they are smarter than you think.
      Anyways, my daughter is bilingual and she always surprises me with phrases I didnt know she could say and speaks in Spanish and English and long ago learnt how to put her shoes on her own, any kind of shoes, a jacket with bottom, drink her soap alone with big spoon and she doesnt spill, but she learnt this a long, long time ago... You see, every kid its different...
    • QQ  •  2 months ago
      My two year old daughter has not started talking much. But she is very smart!
    • Lara  •  2 months ago
      Even if a kid DOESN'T do what the "professionals" say he or she should by such and such a time, does NOT mean they have Autism, hearing problems, or dyslexia. I know many kids who just took their sweet time & they don't have any real developmental delays. Tired of them putting fear in parents, unnecessarly!
    • just me  •  Prince George, British Columbia  •  2 months ago
      There is an excellent documentary on the CBC site (I can't remember if it what the Nature of Things or the Fifth Estate) that looked into the possible cause of autism being related to unbalanced bacteria in the stomach and intestines. Basically, there are certain types of bacteria that produce a toxin that affects the brain's ability to function properly. Check it out. VERY interesting...
    • Dave  •  Calgary, Alberta  •  2 months ago
      they forgot "poop"
    • pristine  •  Toronto, Ontario  •  2 months ago
      bull, i know kids that didnt talk a word till 4 yrs old now they are adults and are ok, study just making some people $$$$ by scaring parents, just because kids dont talk it dont mean something wrong with the kid, other factors should be looked on as well
    • ifsogirl  •  Maple Ridge, British Columbia  •  2 months ago
      I have a friend who's 4 1/2 y/o probably says all these words and more, but no one can understand him. His parents barely understand him. He barely uses constonants and 95% of what he says to me is a mystery. I don't know how a doctor or his pre-school teacher hasn't brought this up with his parents. They joke about how they need a Peter to english dictionary so anyone else can understand him. I think more important than the number of words would be how important others can understand the words your child does say.
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